Smartphone apps and computer games that promise to “train your brain” are everywhere. They claim to boost memory, sharpen focus, and even slow cognitive decline. For older adults looking to stay sharp, this sounds appealing. But do they really work?
The short answer is not as much as the marketing suggests. Harvard researchers and other experts say the science is limited. Some studies show small benefits, while others show no improvement at all. In the following sections, we’ll cover what the research says and whether these apps are worth the time for people over 65.
What the research says about brain training apps for seniors
The companies behind brain training apps make bold claims, but the evidence is mixed. Dr. Andrew Budson, chief of cognitive and behavioral neurology at the VA Boston Healthcare System, explains that many studies on these apps are flawed. They often fail to control for outside factors that could influence results, which makes the findings less reliable.
One study that grabbed attention came from the University of Iowa in 2019. Adults followed a 10-week computerized training program, while others played standard computer games. At the end, the brain training group processed information faster and had slightly better working memory. This looked like a win for brain games, but similar trials haven’t consistently confirmed these results.
For example, a 2020 study published in International Psychogeriatrics tested adults over 80 using a similar design. This time, neither the brain training group nor the control group showed meaningful improvements in memory or thinking. In other words, the benefits seen in some younger seniors didn’t appear in older groups.
Adding to the issue, some research has linked heavy screen time, especially social media use, to worse brain outcomes. A 2021 study in The Journal of General Psychology found that frequent scrolling was tied to poorer mood and a higher risk of memory problems later in life.
Taken together, the evidence suggests these apps might improve performance on specific tasks practiced in the game itself, but those skills don’t always transfer to daily life. You might get better at the app, but not necessarily better at remembering where you left your glasses.
Should seniors use brain training apps?
So, should older adults spend time on these programs? Experts like Dr. Budson say it depends on your goal. If you enjoy the games, there’s no harm in using them occasionally. Treat them as a hobby rather than a medical tool.
But if your goal is to protect long-term cognitive health, there are more reliable strategies. Harvard specialists point to regular exercise, a Mediterranean-style diet, and good sleep as proven habits.
Social connection is another strong factor. A large study published in the Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society found that seniors who stayed socially active had a 70% lower risk of cognitive decline compared with those who were more isolated.
Listening to music or playing an instrument activates multiple brain regions, while mindfulness reduces stress, a known risk factor for memory problems. Studies from the Journals of Gerontology and the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging both suggest that seniors with a positive outlook experience less memory decline.
Brain training apps are not harmful, but they are not the magic solution they’re often sold as. If you like them, keep them in your routine, but don’t rely on them alone.